This analytical document provides fundamental provisions of ecosystem services concept, highlighting its urgency at the current stage of social development. The analytical document explains the notion “ecosystem services”,appoaches to their systematization and value identification, describes accepted methods for ecosystem services economic value assessment and current limitations in their application. Consideration of fundamental provisions of ecosystem services concept through the prism of hosilities enabled us to outline the possibility of using ecosystem approach to identify and assess losses afflicted to the Ukrainian ecosystems and biodiversity by the military agrresion of the russian federation.