Introduction. This policy paper is intended to highlight the importance of adopting by the Council of Europe of a binding decision on the recognition of the right to a safe and healthy environment, adopting the Protocol on the right to a safe and healthy environment to the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms as a necessary prerequisite for sustainable and safe development. In the context of growing environmental threats and global challenges related to the preservation of the environment, an analysis of the grounds and prospects for the adoption of a binding decision on recognizing the right to a safe and healthy environment, the Protocol on the right to a safe and healthy environment to the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms will help reveal the potential consequences of such decisions.